Ferula assa foetida (Apiaceae), commonly known as Asafetida or Anghouzeh (in Persian)is a monocarpic, herbaceous, perennial medicinal plant indigenous to Iran and Afghanistan. About 140 species of genus Ferula have been distributed from Mediterranean region to central Asia. This species is growing wild or recently cultivated in several areas of Iran. An oleo gum resin is obtained by incision from the living rhizome and roots. Reports about the chemical composition of the oil of oleo gum resin of Asafetida has also been shown that the major constituents were sulphur containing compounds with disulphides as most important components and various monoterpins. Resin gum that obtained from roots is antispasmodic, aromatic, carminative, digestive, expectorant, laxative, sedative, nervine, analgesic, anthelmintic, aphrodisiac and antiseptic. Cultivation of this valuable medicinal plant is limited due to insufficient quality of materials for planting. The commercial and pharmacological need of F. assa foetida is achieved generally through exploiting the wild population. Recently, overexploiting and lack of organized cultivation has posed a serious threat to its existence in the wild population, particularly when the plants are harvested before seed set. Conventional propagation of F. assa foetida is restricted by edaphic and climatic factors as well as low percentage of seed set and seasonal dormancy. Consequently, F. assa foetida is recorded as an endangered species in the Red Data Book of Iran. On the other hand, improvement of Apiacea family through the conventional breeding method is commonly slow, laborious and time consuming. Therefore, there is a strong need for practical method of rapid regeneration of this species. Here, an efficient method was developed for regeneration of Asafetida through somatic embryogenesis.